Urinary tract

The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) belongs to the pine family (Pinaceae) and can reach an age of 200 to 300 years. This tree is known for its rich resin content and characteristic pine scent.
The needles and buds of the Scots pine contain natural compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, and vitamins. The tree's resin contains turpentine and a large number of monoterpenes, including α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene, which are components of the tree's essential oil.
Scots pine is traditionally used in various applications, such as in aromatic products and in the production of pine oil. Both needles and buds are used in some traditional preparations for their fragrance and flavor.

The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) belongs to the pine family (Pinaceae) and can reach an age of 200 to 300 years. This tree is known for its rich resin content and characteristic pine scent.
The needles and buds of the Scots pine contain natural compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, and vitamins. The tree's resin contains turpentine and a large number of monoterpenes, including α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene, which are components of the tree's essential oil.
Scots pine is traditionally used in various applications, such as in aromatic products and in the production of pine oil. Both needles and buds are used in some traditional preparations for their fragrance and flavor.

Single herbal tincture made with dried needle of Pinus silvestris (Pine).
The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) belongs to the pine family (Pinaceae) and can reach an age of 200 to 300 years. This tree is known for its rich resin content and characteristic pine scent.
The needles and buds of the Scots pine contain natural compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, and vitamins. The tree's resin contains turpentine and a large number of monoterpenes, including α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene, which are components of the tree's essential oil.
Scots pine is traditionally used in various applications, such as in aromatic products and in the production of pine oil. 

Single herbal tincture made with dried herb of Plantaginis (Plantago) lanceolata (Plantain Narrow).
Ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) is a native plant found in Europe, parts of Asia, North Africa, and North America. It prefers moist, sandy soil and can be found in grasslands, along roads and railways, and even between paving stones.
Ribwort plantain can reach a height of about 75 centimeters and has long, narrow leaves. Starting in May, the plant blooms with light green flower spikes bearing striking white stamens.

Psyllium husk comes from the seeds of the Plantago psyllium plant. These seeds are largely fiber-rich and are often used as an ingredient in nutritional products and supplements. Psyllium contains both soluble and insoluble fiber.
The seed consists of over 80% fiber, of which approximately 70% is soluble and 30% is insoluble. When psyllium husk comes into contact with water, it forms a gel-like substance that can absorb a significant amount of fluid. Therefore, it is important to drink plenty of water when using psyllium.
Because of these properties, psyllium is often used in products intended to supplement daily fiber intake.

Pumpkin seeds are rich in nutrients and calories, with a particularly high fat content (especially linoleic acid and oleic acid), protein, dietary fiber and numerous micronutrients. Pumpkin seeds are a common ingredient in Mexican cuisine and are also roasted and served as a snack.

Single herbal tincture made with dried herb & root of Echinacea purpurea (Red Coneflower).
The purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) is a perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. The genus name Echinacea is derived from the Greek word echinos, meaning "hedgehog," and refers to the spiky flower cone that characterizes this plant.
Echinacea purpurea is native to North America and is now cultivated worldwide. The plant has striking purplish-pink flowers and is valued for its ornamental appearance and botanical properties. Since the early twentieth century, there has been considerable interest in this species in Europe, leading to extensive botanical and historical research.

Ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) is a native plant found in Europe, parts of Asia, North Africa, and North America. It prefers moist, sandy soil and can be found in grasslands, along roads and railways, and even between paving stones.
Ribwort plantain can reach a height of about 75 centimeters and has long, narrow leaves. Starting in May, the plant blooms with light green flower spikes bearing striking white stamens.
The young leaves contain various natural plant compounds, including mucilage, tannins, bitter substances, and flavonoids, as well as minerals such as potassium and zinc. Ribwort plantain has a long history of traditional and folklore uses and is often considered a common wild plant.

Ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) is a native plant found in Europe, parts of Asia, North Africa, and North America. It prefers moist, sandy soil and can be found in grasslands, along roads and railways, and even between paving stones.
Ribwort plantain can reach a height of about 75 centimeters and has long, narrow leaves. Starting in May, the plant blooms with light green flower spikes bearing striking white stamens.
The young leaves contain various natural plant compounds, including mucilage, tannins, bitter substances, and flavonoids, as well as minerals such as potassium and zinc. Ribwort plantain has a long history of traditional and folklore uses and is often considered a common wild plant.

Savory (Satureja), also known as winter or summer savory, belongs to the Lamiaceae or Labiatae family. The scientific name is derived from the Latin word "satyr."
Historical and Cultural Context
During Roman times, savory was often used in rituals and cultural practices. It was incorporated into wreaths and jewelry and featured in traditional dishes. Historical sources describe it as playing an important role in Roman cuisine.
Culinary Uses
Savory is traditionally used as a seasoning in a variety of dishes. In ancient times, it was used in sauces for fish and meat, stuffings for veal, and in sausages or pork pies. Over the centuries, chefs have developed their own recipes using this aromatic herb.

Shepherd's purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) is a plant in the Brassicaceae family. It is an annual or biennial, upright-growing plant that can reach a height of approximately 5 to 60 centimeters. The plant is winter-hardy and usually has a woody taproot. The sinuously serrated leaves form a rosette around the spindle-shaped root.
Shepherd's purse is common in temperate regions and grows in a variety of locations, such as fields, roadsides, and fallow land. Its distinctive heart-shaped seed pods make the plant easy to identify.
In historical and folklore sources, shepherd's purse is mentioned as part of traditional plant knowledge. The young rosette leaves are also used in culinary dishes. They can be used raw in salads or added to soups and other hot dishes.

The Heather (Erica vulgaris - Calluna vulgaris) belongs to the heath family (Ericaceae) and grows throughout Europe, especially in Central and Northern Europe. It even reaches Western Siberia in the east. In the nineteenth century, Scottish immigrants brought the heather to Canada, from where it spread throughout North America. It is the only species in the genus Calluna, meaning it is a monotypic genus.
The shrub heath can grow to a height of 10-100 cm, sometimes even up to 150 cm in certain places. It has hermaphroditic, symmetrical flowers, with the calyx and petals being the same color. Purple flowers appear towards the end of the branches, creating the purple heaths from late July to early September.

The Heather (Erica vulgaris - Calluna vulgaris) belongs to the heath family (Ericaceae) and grows throughout Europe, especially in Central and Northern Europe. It even reaches Western Siberia in the east. In the nineteenth century, Scottish immigrants brought the heather to Canada, from where it spread throughout North America. It is the only species in the genus Calluna, meaning it is a monotypic genus.

The shrub heath can grow to a height of 10-100 cm, sometimes even up to 150 cm in certain places. It has hermaphroditic, symmetrical flowers, with the calyx and petals being the same color. Purple flowers appear towards the end of the branches, creating the purple heaths from late July to early September.

Single herbal tincture made with dried root of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian ginseng).
Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) is a shrubby plant native to parts of Russia, China, Korea, and Japan. The plant belongs to the Araliaceae family and is botanically related to, but distinct from, the better-known Panax species such as Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius).
The roots of Siberian ginseng have long been mentioned in East Asian and Russian botanical literature. These historical and cultural sources describe the plant as part of traditional practices. This long history of use has also led to Siberian ginseng becoming known beyond its native range.

Breechwort (Herniaria glabra) is a low-growing herbaceous plant in the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae). The plant can be annual, biennial, or perennial and typically blooms from June to October. Its modest size and growth habit make it particularly noticeable in dry, open areas.
The plant is native to parts of Europe and prefers sandy, poor soil. Its creeping habit and small, greenish flowers often make it inconspicuous in the landscape.
Historical Context
The Dutch name "breukruid" refers to the plant's use in earlier times. Historical herbals and folklore sources mention "breechwort" in connection with traditional uses. These names and descriptions reflect the thinking and customs of the time.

Solidago virgaurea, also known as Goldenrod, is a native plant traditionally found in Europe and Asia. It produces golden-yellow flowers and was traditionally cultivated in herb gardens. Historically, the flowers were dried and ground for various uses, including natural dyes. Solidago extracts are used in food products and supplements due to their presence of specific plant compounds, such as flavonoids and saponins.

Speedwell (Veronica officinalis) is a perennial plant that forms a dense sward and belongs to the plantain family (Plantaginaceae). This plant occurs naturally in Eurasia.
The plant reaches a height of 10-50 cm and has stems that spread horizontally and then grow upwards. The stems are evenly hairy. The leaves, short-stalked, are elliptical or obovate in shape, with slightly toothed or serrate edges.
Male speedwell blooms from May to August with light blue flowers, which are darkly veined and have a size of 6-8 mm. There are also variants of the plant with dark blue, pink or white flowers. The flowers grow in bunches.

Single herbal tincture made with dried herb of Thymus vulgaris (Thyme).
Thyme is a herb valued in both cooking and traditional applications. It is recognizable by its distinctive aroma and can be used in teas, spice blends, syrups, or as a seasoning in dishes.
Thyme grows naturally in Europe, Asia, and Africa, forming hardy shrubs approximately 40 centimeters tall. The herb thrives in dry and stony soils. Both the leaves and flowers of thyme contain various plant compounds, including essential oils and flavonoids.
Thyme was used by the Greeks and Romans since ancient times, primarily for its aroma and culinary uses. Today, thyme is still valued for its fragrance and flavor.

Turmeric, also known as turmeric (Curcuma longa), is a tropical plant native to India and Southeast Asia. The root has been used for centuries and is best known in powdered form. In the Netherlands, it is often called "geelwortel" (yellow root) because of its bright yellow color, which is used in curry mixtures, mustard, and other culinary preparations.
Turmeric plays an important role in various Asian cuisines, where it is valued for its color, aroma, and distinctive flavor. The root is found in historical and cultural sources and was traditionally incorporated into dishes and spice blends.

Turmeric, also known as turmeric (Curcuma longa), is a tropical plant native to India and Southeast Asia. The root has been used for centuries and is best known in powdered form. In the Netherlands, it is often called "geelwortel" (yellow root) because of its bright yellow color, which is used in curry mixtures, mustard, and other culinary preparations.
Turmeric plays an important role in various Asian cuisines, where it is valued for its color, aroma, and distinctive flavor. The root is found in historical and cultural sources and was traditionally incorporated into dishes and spice blends.

Turmeric, also known as Javanese ginger (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), is a tropical plant native to India and Southeast Asia. The root of this plant has been used for centuries and is best known in powdered form. In the Netherlands, turmeric is also known as yellow root (gelukkigroot) because of its intense yellow color, which is used in curry mixtures and mustard, among other things.
Turmeric plays an important role in various Asian cuisines, where it is valued for its color, aroma, and characteristic flavor. Besides its culinary uses, turmeric is traditionally described in historical and cultural sources from India and Indonesia, where the root played an integral role in daily life.

Turmeric, also known as Javanese ginger (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), is a tropical plant native to India and Southeast Asia. The root of this plant has been used for centuries and is best known in powdered form. In the Netherlands, turmeric is also known as yellow root (gelukkigroot) because of its intense yellow color, which is used in curry mixtures and mustard, among other things.
Turmeric plays an important role in various Asian cuisines, where it is valued for its color, aroma, and characteristic flavor. Besides its culinary uses, turmeric is traditionally described in historical and cultural sources from India and Indonesia, where the root played an integral role in daily life.

Verbena (Verbena officinalis) is a plant that belongs to the Verbena family. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, sometimes annual, with a thin, erect stem that can grow up to 100 cm in height, with the bottom of the stem becoming lignified. The leaves of vervain are hairy and can take different shapes. This plant has no distinctive odor and tastes bitter raw and untreated.
The flowers of vervain appear in spike-shaped clusters in the leaf axils. They are trumpet shaped and vary in color from soft pink to violet. The flowering period extends from June to autumn. The flower spikes are slender yet sturdy and flexible. The fruit of vervain is a split fruit.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is the pure form of vitamin C. There are also buffered forms of ascorbic acid, which are generally more easily tolerated by the gastrointestinal tract. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin found naturally in various fruits and vegetables, such as citrus fruits, kiwi, bell peppers, and broccoli. Vitamin C is often added to dietary supplements in powder, tablet, or capsule form to supplement daily intake.